Autologous platelet-rich plasma in combination with tendon stem cells to treat tendinopathy in a rabbit model: histomorphological changes of the tendon tissue and matrix metalloproteinase 1 expression / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:The research and application of platelet-rich plasma in tissue regeneration and restoration have always been an issue of concern in the medicine and bioengineering fields.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the effects of platelet-rich plasma in combination with tendon stem cells on histomorphology change and matrix metalloproteinase 1 expression of the tendon tissues in a rabbit model of Achilles tendinopathy.METHODS:Forty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into model group (n=32) and blank control group (n=8).In the model group,the animals were injected about 2 cm distant to the attachment point of the left calcaneus with prostaglandin E2 (once a week,for totally 4 weeks) to make the animal model of tendinopathy.The rabbits in the blank control group were injected the equal amount of normal saline.After 4 weeks,model rabbits were randomly divided into four subgroups:combination group,tendon stem cell group,platelet-rich plasma group and model control group,with eight rabbits in each group.Platelet-rich plasma and tendon stem cells,alone or in combination,and normal saline were injected into the corresponding group,twice with an interval of 3 weeks.At 6 weeks after injection,the tendon tissue was collected and stained for histological examination and detection of matrix metalloproteinasa 1 expression.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Hematoxylin-eosin staining:the tendon fibers in the combinationgroup were intact and arranged orderly;in the tendon stem cell group,the tendon fibers were almost arranged orderly despite some fractured fibers;in the platelet-rich plasma group,fiber breakage and loose fiber structure were observed;in the model control group,there were no intact tendon fibers,with the presence of inflammatory cell filtration.(2) Masson staining:The tendon fibers in the combination group had slight wave-shaped changes but the fibers were not cut off;in the tendon stem cell group,the tendon fibers were slightly in disorder,but with the intact structure,and obvious inflammatory cell filtration was observed;in the platelet-rich plasma group,fiber breakage,reduced collagen fibers and inflammatory cell filtration were obviously observed;in the model control group,there were no intact tendon fibers,and inflammatory cell filtration was clearly visible.(3) The expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1:Compared with the blank control group,the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 was significantly higher in the other groups except the combination group (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 between the combination group and blank control group (P ＞ 0.05).To conclude,the combination of platelet-rich plasma and tendon stem cells can inhibit the vicious cycle of degeneration of collagen and extracellular matrix,reduce the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 in tenocytes,and delay inflammation responses and degeneration due to tendinopathy.

Progress on classification and application of artificial hip joint materials / 中国骨伤

The selection of the prosthetic material determine the success or failure of hip arthroplasty. Currently, the metals, ceramics, polymer composites and carbon materials are the main prosthetic materials of artificial hip joint. They have some progresses in biocompatibility, elastic modulus,mechanical properties, useful life, but they still can't reach the ideal standard of design. In this essay, we mainly review the characteristics and applications of the current artificial hip joint materials through its classification in order to provide a reference for choosing appropriate hip joint materials in clinic and increasing characteristic of materials. We consider the polymer composites has more advantages such as biocompatibility, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and price, even if it has shortages in abrasion resistance. As the researches of polymer composites are main focus on abrasion resistance, articular surface and strength,and its performances are increased fast, it has a wide prospect in future.

Case-control study on isometric quadriceps femoris contraction exercises for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate clinical effects of knee osteoarthritis with the treatment of the isometric quadriceps femoris contraction exercises, which aims at establishing the exercise prescription of knee osteoarthritis,and promoting its clinical application.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2008 to September 2010, 120 patients with knee osteoarthritis were divided into two groups according to visiting sequence, including 39 males and 81 females, ranging in age from 40 to 85 years, with an average of 62.50 years, the disease course ranged from 1 month to 30 years. There were 60 patients in the therapeutic group, including 21 males and 39 females, ranging in age from 40 to 85 years, with an average of (62.27 +/- 8.99) years, the disease course ranged from 2 months to 30 years; and the patients were treated with intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate and isometric quadriceps femoris contraction exercises for treatment. There were 60 patients in the control group; including 18 males and 42 females, ranging in age from 41 to 80 years, with an average of (62.72 +/- 8.34) years, the disease course ranged from 1 month to 30 years; and the patients were treated with conventional intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate. The index such as the pains,functions and articular dropsy of the knees were observed and the clinical effects were compared respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 1 to 3 years, with an average of 18 months. According to standard of JOA about evaluating the therapeutic effects of knee osteoarthritis: in the therapeutic group, 12 patients got an excellent result, 33 good, 14 poor and 1 bad; and in the control group, 7 patients got an excellent result, 14 good, 31 poor and 8 bad. The clinical results of therapeutic group was better than that of control group. There were 7 recurrent cases in the therapeutic group and 31 recurrent cases in the control group; the recurrence rate in therapeutic group was lower than that of control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The isometric quadriceps femoris contraction exercises has obvious effect in alleviating the symptoms, improving joint function, strengthening the joint stability and slowing down joint degeneration process for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis, which has a good effect in the long-term clinical effects.</p>

Relationship between alcohol consumption and risk factors for cardiovascular disease / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between alcohol consumption and risk factors for cardiovascular disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundreds and twenty six subjects were enrolled in the study and grouped to non-drinkers, mild drinkers, moderate drinkers and heavy drinkers. Serum GGT, hs-CRP, %CDT, HCY, lipoprotein were measured in all groups.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There were significantly higher GGT levels with heavy drinkers than those with other groups (P <0.05), and GGT levels were increased with increasing alcohol intake; and there were significantly higher %CDT levels with heavy drinkers compared with those with no-drinkers; there was significant higher hs-CRP levels with heavy drinkers compared with those with mild and moderate drinkers (P<0.05); but in moderate drinkers there was significantly lower hs-CRP levels than non drinkers (P<0.05). Compared with non-drinkers, there were significantly lower LDL-C and TG levels with mild and moderate drinkers. There were no significant differences in CHOL, HDL-C, HCY, WBC, MCV levels among all groups. Heavy drinkers had higher smoking rate and higher prevalence of hypertension (P <0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Heavy alcohol consumption results in increasing GGT,%CDT and hs-CRP and may increase cardiovascular disease risk along with other risk factors.Mild to moderate alcohol consumption is associated with lower hs-CRP concentration,which may protect the cardiovascular system through anti-inflammatory mechanism.</p>

Comparison of clinical effects of various external fixation for the treatment of humeral supracondylar fracture / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare clinical effects and the incidence rates of cubitus varus in displaced humeral supracondylar fractures treated with different kinds of external fixation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Among 226 children with displaced humeral supracondylar fractures, 134 patients were male and 92 patients were female, ranging in age from 5 to 12 years, with an average of 8.58 years. After manipulative reduction, the patients were treated with three kinds of external fixation: the 88 patients (51 males and 37 females, ranging in age from 5.1 to 12 years) in Group A were treated with double external fixations of small splint and moulding splint; 74 patients (44 males and 30 females, ranging in age from 5 to 11.8 years) in Group B were treated with small splint; and 64 patients (39 males and 25 females, ranging in age from 5.5 to 12 years) in Group C were treated with plaster slab. The indexes such as healing time of fractures, the functions of elbow joint and cubitus varus were observed. The clinical effects and the incidence rates of cubitus varus in three groups were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed-up, and the duration of follow-up ranged from 6 months to 4 years, with an average of 25 months. According to the standard for efficacy evaluation, in Group A, 59 patients got an excellent result, 23 good, 6 bad, the excellent and good rate was 93.18%; in Group B, above data were 37, 29, 8, 89.19% respectively; while in Group C, the data were 20, 31, 13 and 79.69% respectively. The incidence rates of cubitus varus of three groups were 6.82%, 17.57% and 32.81% respectively. The result of statistical analysis demonstrated that there were significant differences of the clinical effects and the incidence rates of cubitus varus in three groups (P<0.05). Comparison of the clinical effects: Group A was better than Group B and Group C, Group B was better than Group C. The incidence rates of cubitus varus: Group A was lower than Group B and Group C, Group B was lower than Group C.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The therapeutic effects of double external fixation is the best among three groups. The double external fixation had follow advantages: external fixation, high stability, strong anti-rotation ability, and joint function quick recovery, the incidence rates of cubitus varus lower and good clinical effects. So double external fixation method should be the first choose for the treatment of humeral supracondylar fractures.</p>

Relation between mutant p53 and multidrug resistance in gastric cancer / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between mutant p53 and multidrug resistance in gastric cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Mutant p53 (mp53) and mp53+sv40Tag were transferred to gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901. The MDR-1 mRNA was examined using RT-PCR, and the difference in chemotherapeutic sensitivity of SGC-7901 cells with mutant p53 was compared with those with mp53+sv40Tag and controls by MTT method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SGC-7901 cells with mutant p53 showed higher MDR-1 mRNA than that of other two groups. SGC-7901 cells with mutant p53 showed higher chemotherapeutic sensitivity to 5-Fu than that with mp53+sv40Tag and control (P<0.05), but no difference between those with mp53+sv40Tag and control (P>0.05). SGC-7901 cells with mutant p53 and those with mp53+sv40Tag showed higher chemotherapeutic sensitivity to ADM than control (P<0.05), but no difference between those with mp53 and with mp53+sv40Tag (P>0.05). There was no difference in chemotherapeutic sensitivity of SGC-7901 cells with mutant p53 compared with those with mp53+sv40Tag and control to CDDP (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mutante p53 genes relates to multidrug resistance of gastric cancer.</p>